生物活性

Darunavir ethanolate (TMC114 Ethanolate) is a potent HIV protease inhibitor used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS. Darunavir has a K_i of 1 nM for wild type HIV-1 protease.

IC₅₀ & Target

Ki: 1 nM (WT HIV-1 protease)^[1]

体外研究
(In Vitro)

Darunavir is a broad-spectrum potent inhibitor active against HIV-1 clinical isolates with minimal cytotoxicity. Darunavir forms hydrogen bonds with the conserved main-chain atoms of Asp29 and Asp30 of the protease. These interactions are proposed to be critical for the potency of this compound against HIV isolates that are resistant to multiple protease inhibitors^[1]. In an in vitro study in MT-2 cells, the potency of darunavir is greater than that of saquinavir, amprenavir, nelfinavir, indinavir, lopinavir and ritonavir. Darunavir is primarily metabolized by the hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, primarily CYP3A. The ‘boosting’ dose of ritonavir acts an an inhibitor of CYP3A, thereby increasing darunavir bioavailability^[2].

体内研究
(In Vivo)

Darunavir is effective against wild-type and PI-resistant HIV, and has an oral bioavailability of 37%. It needs to be combined with ritonavir, which increases the bioavailability to 82%^[3].

Clinical Trial

分子量

593.73

Formula

C??H??N?O?S

CAS 号

635728-49-3

中文名称

达芦那韦乙醇

SMILES

O=C(O[C@@H]1[C@@]2([H])[C@@](OCC2)([H])OC1)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)[C@H](O)CN(S(=O)(C4=CC=C(N)C=C4)=O)CC(C)C.CCO

运输条件

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

储存方式

溶解性数据

In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (84.21 mM)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

配制储备液

*

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

In Vivo:

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.21 mM); Clear solution

• 2.

请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.21 mM); Clear solution

• 3.

请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% corn oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.21 mM); Clear solution

参考文献

[1]. Tie Y, et al. High resolution crystal structures of HIV-1 protease with a potent non-peptide inhibitor (UIC-94017) active against multi-drug-resistant clinical strains. J Mol Biol. 2004 Apr 23;338(2):341-52.

[2]. McKeage K, et al. Darunavir: a review of its use in the management of HIV infection in adults. Drugs. 2009;69(4):477-503.

[3]. Bhalekar MR, et al. In-vivo bioavailability and lymphatic uptake evaluation of lipid nanoparticulates of darunavir. Drug Deliv. 2016 Sep;23(7):2581-2586.